Q- Which of the following is a characteristic of the intramuscular (IM) route of drug administration?
A- Its action is faster than the intravenous (IV) route of administration
B- Its action is slower than the oral route of administration.
C- Oily solutions can be injected
D- Only aqueous solutions can be injected
C- Oily solutions can be injected- The intramuscular (IM) route allows for the injection of both oily and aqueous solutions, which gives it some flexibility compared to intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous (SC) routes. The action of drugs administered intramuscularly is generally slower than that of intravenous administration, and faster than oral administration.
Q- Which one of the following benzodiazepines is used mainly for hypnosis to treat insomnia?
A- Clonazepam
B- Flurazepam
C- Lorazepam
D- Midazolam
B- Flurazepam- It is a long-acting benzodiazepine primarily used for its hypnotic properties to treat insomnia. Clonazepam is used mainly as an anticonvulsant or for anxiety. Lorazepam is primarily used for anxiety and as a sedative but not mainly for hypnosis. Midazolam is often used for sedation, especially in medical procedures, but not typically as a long-term hypnotic.
Q- Which one of the following vitamins causes a reduction of the effects of levodopa by increasing its peripheral metabolism?
A- Pyridoxine
B- Riboflavin
C- Thiamine
D- Tocopherol
A- Pyridoxine- It increases the peripheral metabolism of levodopa by stimulating the enzyme dopa decarboxylase, which converts levodopa to dopamine outside the brain. This reduces the amount of levodopa available to enter the brain, reducing its therapeutic effect. Other vitamins do not affect the metabolism of levodopa.
