Q- Which one of the following conditions is associated with Acanthosis Nigricans?
A- Amyloidosis
B- Diabetes insipidus
C- Diabetes mellitus
D- Hemochromatosis
C- Diabetes mellitus- Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterized by areas of dark, thickened, and velvety skin, typically occurring in body folds and creases such as the neck, armpits, groin, and joints. In diabetes type 2, the high levels of insulin in the bloodstream can stimulate the growth of skin cells and increase the production of skin pigment, resulting in the characteristic darkening and thickening of the skin seen in acanthosis nigricans. It can also occur in other conditions such as obesity, hormonal disorders, and certain medications.
Q- Which one of the following complications is the common cause of death in acromegaly?
A- Heart failure
B- Hepatic failure
C- Splenic infarction
D- Renal failure
A- Heart failure- In acromegaly, the common cause of death is typically heart failure. This is because the excess growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 produced in acromegaly can lead to cardiovascular complications, such as hypertension and cardiomyopathy, which can progress to heart failure over time. Therefore, monitoring and managing cardiovascular health are crucial aspects of treating patients with acromegaly.
Q- Which one of the following is the most common cause of ruptured aortic aneurysm?
A- Atherosclerosis
B- Cardiomyopathy
C- Hypertension
D- History of intravenous drug use
C- Hypertension- This is a tricky question. While atherosclerosis is the primary underlying cause of aortic aneurysm formation, hypertension can exacerbate the risk and contribute to the likelihood of rupture. If the question asks for the common cause of aneurysm, then, the answer would be A.