Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1 Review- 128- Pharmacology

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Q- A patient with hypertension and gout needs a prescription for a diuretic. Which one of the following drugs should be avoided?

A- Amiloride

B- Furosemide

C- Hydrochlorothiazide

D- Spironolactone

C- Hydrochlorothiazide- Thiazide diuretics decrease uric acid excretion, worsening gout. Loop diuretics can also raise uric acid but are less commonly used for long-term hypertension control in gut patients.

 

Q- Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to cause pseudomembranous colitis due to Clostridium difficile?

A- Ampicillin

B- Ciprofloxacin

C- Clindamycin

D- Erythromycin

C- Clindamycin- It is strongly associated with C. difficile-associated diarrhea by disturbing normal gout flora.

 

Q- A patient on warfarin starts rifampin for TB. Which of the following happens to warfarin’s effect?

A- Decreased effect due to CYP induction

B- Increased effect due to CYP inhibition

C- No effect on drug metabolism

D- Unpredictable effect on drug levels

A- Decreased effect due to CYP induction- Rifampin induces CYP450 enzymes, increasing warfarin metabolism and reducing its anticoagulant effect-risk of thrombosis.

 

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