Q- A CT scan of the chest shows a focal, wedge-shaped area of hemorrhage in a segment of the lung. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this finding?
A- Arteriosclerosis
B- Atherosclerosis
C- Embolism
D- Thrombosis
C- Embolism- This is a typical presentation of pulmonary infarction. An embolus from the venous circulation, most commonly arising in large leg veins, has lodged in a peripheral pulmonary arterial branch. Arterial supply to the lung does not provide enough oxygenation to prevent infarction, but does provide blood which results in hemorrhagic area.
Q- Achilles tendon xanthoma is most likely characteristic of which one of the following conditions?
A- Diabetes mellitus
B- Familial hypercholesterolemia
C- Pseudogout
D- Systemic lupus erythematosus
B- Familial hypercholesterolemia- this condition is characterized by slowly growing hard subcutaneous nodule with normal skin due to disturbance in lipid metabolism and high cholesterol levels leading to cholesterol deposits.
Q- Which of the following is the main step in treating alcoholic liver disease?
A- Abstinence
B- Baclofen
C- Disulfiram
D- Naltrexone
A- Abstinence- It is the mainstay of the treatment of alcoholic liver diseases. Drugs are used as supportive.
