Q- Which one of the following drugs acts by inhibition of lipolysis in adipose tissues and reduction of hepatic VLDL synthesis?
A- Atorvastatin
B- Cholestyramine
C- Ezetimibe
D- Niacin
D- Niacin- It inhibits hormone-sensitive lipase. Atorvastatin inhibits conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate which is a cholesterol precursor. Cholestyramine prevents intestinal absorption of bile acids with ezetimibe prevent cholesterol absorption at small intestine brush border.
Q- Which one of the following hypoglycemic drugs acts by lowering postprandial hyperglycemia through inhibition of intestinal brush border alpha-glucosidases?
A- Linagliptin
B- Miglitol
C- Rosiglitazone
D- Sitagliptin
B- Miglitol- It is the only alpha-glucosidase on the list. Along with acarbose, they delayed carbohydrate hydrolysis and glucose absorption. Linagliptin and sitagliptin acts by inhibition of DPP-4 enzyme and glucagon release while rosiglitazone regulates glucose metabolism and fatty acid storage.
Q- Which one of the following drugs is a synthetic analog of aldosterone and used in primary adrenal deficiency to replace mineralocorticoid?
A- Cinacalcet
B- Demeclocycline
C- Fludrocortisone
D- Sevelamer
C- Fludrocortisone- It is the only one on the list that is used in primary adrenal deficiency. Cinacalcet is used in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Demeclocycline is used in SIADH while sevelamer is used in hyperphosphatemia.
