USMLE Review- 15

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Q- Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of action of hydralazine in treating cardiovascular disorders?

A- Decreased cardiac preload

B- Parasympathetic stimulation

C- Relaxation of arterial smooth muscle

D- Sympathetic antagonism

C- Relaxation of arterial smooth muscle- Hydralazine administration leads to direct relaxation of arterial smooth muscle resulting in dilation of blood vessels.



Q- Which one of the following medications increases the threshold for angina?

A- Benazepril

B- Digoxin

C- Furosemide

D- Metoprolol

D- Metoprolol- Beta blockers are cardio-protective and they increase the threshold for angina. Other choices are valuable in treatment.



Q- Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of development of velvety rash in the axilla?

A- Insulin resistance

B- Serotonin hypersecretion

C- Testosterone hypersecretion

D- Thyroid hormone deficiency

A- Insulin resistance- Acanthosis nigricans occurs in cases of diabetes and is characterized by hyperkeratotic, hyperpigmented velvety plaques in the axilla, posterior neck and groin.



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