Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1 Review-174- Pathology

Q- A 64-year-old man with a long history of smoking presents with hematuria. Cystoscopy reveals a papillary tumor arising from the bladder mucosa.
Which molecular alteration is most commonly associated with low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma?

A- KRAS mutation

B- FGFR3 mutation

C- BRAF mutation

D- APC mutation

B- FGFR3 mutation- Low-grade papillary urothelial carcinomas are commonly associated with FGFR3 mutations, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.

 

Q- A 14-year-old boy presents with a rapidly enlarging, painful mass around the distal femur. X-ray shows a destructive bone lesion with a “sunburst” periosteal reaction.
What is the most likely diagnosis?

A- Chondrosarcoma

B- Ewing sarcoma

C- Osteochondroma

D- Osteosarcoma

D- Osteosarcoma- Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents. Radiographs often show a sunburst pattern and Codman triangle.

 

Q- A 58-year-old woman with obesity and type 2 diabetes presents with abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial biopsy reveals atypical glandular proliferation.
Which malignancy is she at greatest risk of developing?

A- Cervical squamous carcinoma

B- Endometrial carcinoma

C- Ovarian serous carcinoma

D- Vaginal carcinoma

B- Endometrial carcinoma- Unopposed estrogen exposure (obesity, diabetes, PCOS) increases risk of endometrial hyperplasia progressing to endometrial carcinoma.

 

Read this Pathology MCQs Book

More Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1

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Dr Ray Makar

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