Q- Which of the following tests is the most accurate one to confirm the diagnosis of achalasia?
A- Barium esophagram
B- Chest X-ray
C- Esophageal manometry
D- Upper endoscopy
C- Esophageal manometry- Esophageal manometry is the most accurate test for diagnosing achalasia because it directly measures lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and esophageal peristalsis. Barium swallow may show a “bird-beak” appearance, but it is not as definitive. Endoscopy rules out obstruction but does not confirm achalasia.
Q- Which of the following is the best therapy for essential tremors?
A- Haloperidol
B- Metoclopramide
C- Physiotherapy
D- Propranolol
D- Propranolol- Propranolol is the first-line treatment for essential tremor because it significantly reduces tremor amplitude. Haloperidol and metoclopramide are dopamine blockers that can actually worsen tremors, and physiotherapy alone is not sufficient for symptom control.
Q- A 19-year-old woman presents with nausea and vomiting. Her last menstrual period was 6 weeks ago. Which of the following is the best next step in management?
A- Beta-hCG
B- Complete blood count
C- Serum electrolytes
D- Urinalysis
A- Beta-hCG- In any woman of reproductive age with nausea, vomiting, and a missed or late period, the first step is to check for pregnancy. A beta-hCG test confirms or excludes pregnancy before pursuing other evaluations.
Why? Dr. Mohammed, please let me know if you have any concerns. Thank you
No comment
You are very welcome Dr. Aisha
Thank you .
Correct. Thanks Dr. Mehraj for the explanation.
Esophageal manometry. This test measures the rhythmic muscle contractions in your esophagus when you swallow, the coordination and force exerted by the esophagus muscles, and how well your lower esophageal sphincter relaxes or opens during a swallow.
Answer is C
Why? Dr. Mohammed, please let me know if you have any concerns. Thank you
No comment
You are very welcome Dr. Aisha
Thank you .
Correct. Thanks Dr. Mehraj for the explanation.
Esophageal manometry. This test measures the rhythmic muscle contractions in your esophagus when you swallow, the coordination and force exerted by the esophagus muscles, and how well your lower esophageal sphincter relaxes or opens during a swallow.
Answer is C
BDA
Nice one