Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1 Review-151- Pharmacology

Q- A patient treated for latent tuberculosis develops elevated liver enzymes. Which drug is most likely responsible?

A- Cycloserine

B- Ethambutol

C- Isoniazid

D- Streptomycin

C- Isoniazid- Isoniazid commonly causes hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy due to vitamin B6 deficiency.

 

Q- A 55-year-old woman with osteoporosis is prescribed a bisphosphonate. Which instruction is most important to prevent esophageal irritation?

A- Remain upright for 30 minutes after ingestion

B- Take at bedtime

C- Take with milk

D- Use with a proton pump inhibitor

A- Remain upright for 30 minutes after ingestion- Bisphosphonates can cause esophagitis and ulceration; patients must remain upright after taking the medication.

 

Q- A patient receiving heparin therapy develops a sudden drop in platelet count. What is the underlying mechanism?

A- Bone marrow suppression

B- Decreased platelet production

C- Direct platelet toxicity

D- Immune-mediated platelet activation

D- Immune-mediated platelet activation- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by antibodies against heparin–platelet factor 4 complexes, leading to thrombosis despite low platelets.

 

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