Q- A 46-year-old man underwent a kidney transplantation last week due to chronic renal failure. The surgery was successful and the transplanted kidney started to produce urine during the operation. Today, his urine examination shows high creatinine and low urinary output. He has no pain or fever. A biopsy taken from the transplanted kidney shows cellular infiltrate.
Which of these cells is responsible for this patient’s recent condition?
A- B Lymphocytes
B- Cytotoxic T-cells
C- Fibrocytes
D- Plasma cells
E- T-helper cells
Answer:
The scenario describes a 46-year-old man who recently underwent a kidney transplantation and now presents with high creatinine and low urinary output, along with cellular infiltrate noted on biopsy of the transplanted kidney. This constellation of findings suggests the possibility of acute cellular rejection, which is a common complication following organ transplantation.
In acute cellular rejection, the recipient’s immune system recognizes the transplanted organ as foreign and mounts an immune response against it. This immune response primarily involves T lymphocytes, particularly cytotoxic T-cells (CD8+ T-cells), which directly attack and damage the transplanted tissue.
The correct answer is B
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