USMLE- Review- 20

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Q- Which one of the following factors is the most accurate measure for the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis?
A- Blood ketones
B- Serum bicarbonate level
C- Serum glucose level
D- Urine ketones

B- Serum bicarbonate level- The patient is at risk of death if his serum carbonate level drops down. Blood ketones is a good measure but it can’t be all detected. Serum glucose can go to very high level without the presence of ketoacidosis.



Q- A patient develops severe diarrhea after 2 weeks of treating pneumonia with broad spectrum antibiotics. Which of the following is the first line of treatment of this condition?
A- Ampicillin
B- Ciprofloxacin
C- Methicillin
D- Vancomycin

D- Vancomycin- It is the first line of treatment for clostridium difficile. Metronidazole is not the first line anymore.



Q- Which one of the following studies measures heritability and influence of environmental factors?
A- Adoption study
B- Case-control study
C- Cohort study
D- Cross-sectional study

A- Adoption study- This study compares siblings raised by biological vs adoptive parents to measure heritability and influence of environmental factors.



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