Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1 Review | 179

Q- A patient treated with amoxicillin develops a rash after taking the medication. What type of reaction is most likely?

A- Type I hypersensitivity

B- Type II hypersensitivity

C- Type III hypersensitivity

D- Type IV hypersensitivity

A- Type I hypersensitivity- Penicillin allergies commonly involve IgE-mediated reactions such as rash, urticaria, or anaphylaxis.

Q- A patient taking NSAIDs develops decreased kidney function. What is the mechanism of this effect?

A- Decreased prostaglandin synthesis

B- Increased aldosterone secretion

C- Increased renin release

D- Increased sodium reabsorption

A- Decreased prostaglandin synthesis- NSAIDs reduce prostaglandins that maintain renal blood flow, leading to decreased GFR.

Q- A patient taking metformin develops lactic acidosis. Which condition increases this risk?

A- Hypertension

B- Liver failure

C- Obesity

D- Smoking

B- Liver failure- Impaired lactate metabolism due to liver failure increases the risk of lactic acidosis in patients taking metformin.

Dr Ray Makar

Repeated USMLE Questions Step 1 Review-179- Pharmacology