Free Questions and Answers for All Medical Students all over the World
Q- A 59-year-old man presents with progressive dysphagia. Endoscopy reveals an ulcerated mass in the distal esophagus. Biopsy shows malignant gland-forming cells. Which risk factor is most strongly associated with this condition? A- Alcohol consumption B- Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease C- Human papillomavirus infection D- Iron deficiency anemia Q- A 66-year-old woman presents with … Read more
Q- A patient treated with cisplatin develops hearing loss. What is the mechanism of this adverse effect? A- Accumulation in cochlear hair cells B- Autoimmune inner ear inflammation C- Decreased cerebral perfusion D- Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis Q- A patient taking phenelzine develops severe hypertension after eating aged cheese. What is the underlying cause … Read more
Q- A 6-month-old infant presents with recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. Laboratory testing shows markedly decreased CD18 expression on neutrophils. Which of the following mechanisms is primarily impaired? A- Chemotaxis toward IL-8 B- Diapedesis through endothelium C- Phagolysosome fusion D- Reactive oxygen species formation Q- A patient with chronic alcoholism develops confusion, ophthalmoplegia, and … Read more
Q- A patient treated with gentamicin develops renal impairment. What is the primary mechanism of this adverse effect? A- Accumulation in proximal tubule cells B- Acute interstitial nephritis C- Decreased renal blood flow D- Immune-mediated glomerulonephritis Q- A patient on long-term NSAID therapy develops gastric ulcers. Which mechanism is responsible? A- Decreased leukotriene production … Read more
Q- Which of the following antifungal medications inhibits ergosterol synthesis by blocking fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes? A- Amphotericin B B- Fluconazole C- Flucytosine D- Terbinafine Q- A 29-year-old woman treated with lithium presents with tremor, polyuria, and confusion. Which laboratory finding is most likely present? A- Hypercalcemia B- Hypoglycemia C- Hypokalemia D- Hyponatremia … Read more
Q- A 65-year-old man with heart failure is started on spironolactone. Which adverse effect should be monitored most closely? A- Gynecomastia B- Hypocalcemia C- Hypokalemia D- Metabolic acidosis Q- A 60-year-old man presents with weakness, fatigue, and splenomegaly. His complete blood count shows pancytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration is “dry,” but biopsy shows fibrotic marrow … Read more