Free Questions and Answers for All Medical Students all over the World
Q- A patient with chronic kidney disease develops secondary hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following biochemical changes directly stimulates parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion in this condition? A- Decreased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels B- Decreased serum phosphate C- Increased calcium-sensing receptor activation D- Increased intestinal calcium absorption Q- A mutation prevents phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain … Read more
Q- A patient taking allopurinol for gout should be closely monitored for which serious adverse effect? A- Aplastic anemia B- Hepatotoxicity C- Severe hypersensitivity reaction D- Thrombocytopenia Q- A patient with asthma is prescribed propranolol and develops worsening shortness of breath. What explains this effect? A- Alpha-1 receptor blockade B- Beta-1 receptor stimulation C- … Read more
Q- A 59-year-old man presents with progressive dysphagia. Endoscopy reveals an ulcerated mass in the distal esophagus. Biopsy shows malignant gland-forming cells. Which risk factor is most strongly associated with this condition? A- Alcohol consumption B- Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease C- Human papillomavirus infection D- Iron deficiency anemia Q- A 66-year-old woman presents with … Read more
Q- A patient treated with cisplatin develops hearing loss. What is the mechanism of this adverse effect? A- Accumulation in cochlear hair cells B- Autoimmune inner ear inflammation C- Decreased cerebral perfusion D- Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis Q- A patient taking phenelzine develops severe hypertension after eating aged cheese. What is the underlying cause … Read more
Q- A 6-month-old infant presents with recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. Laboratory testing shows markedly decreased CD18 expression on neutrophils. Which of the following mechanisms is primarily impaired? A- Chemotaxis toward IL-8 B- Diapedesis through endothelium C- Phagolysosome fusion D- Reactive oxygen species formation Q- A patient with chronic alcoholism develops confusion, ophthalmoplegia, and … Read more
Q- A patient treated with gentamicin develops renal impairment. What is the primary mechanism of this adverse effect? A- Accumulation in proximal tubule cells B- Acute interstitial nephritis C- Decreased renal blood flow D- Immune-mediated glomerulonephritis Q- A patient on long-term NSAID therapy develops gastric ulcers. Which mechanism is responsible? A- Decreased leukotriene production … Read more